希腊神赫尔墨斯的象征与含义

希腊神赫尔墨斯的象征与含义
David Meyer

在希腊神话中,赫尔墨斯是古代的贸易之神、财富之神、幸运之神、生育之神、语言之神、盗贼之神和旅行之神。 他是奥林匹斯诸神中最聪明、最调皮的一位。 众所周知,他是牧羊人的守护神,还发明了琴 .

赫耳墨斯是奥林匹斯神中唯一能够跨越生死界限的神,因此,赫耳墨斯象征着跨越神界和人界的界限,非常适合担任信使神的角色。 赫耳墨斯以其不断寻找娱乐和顽皮的性格著称。 他是希腊神话中最丰富多彩的神之一。

赫耳墨斯聪明敏捷,出现在许多重要的神话中。

赫耳墨斯的母亲是马娅,她是阿特拉斯的七个女儿之一。 赫耳墨斯的名字源于希腊语 "Herma",意为石头堆。 赫耳墨斯还是希腊人心目中的生育之神。

尽管如此,他从未结过婚,与其他神相比,他的恋情也寥寥无几。 赫耳墨斯通常被描绘成一个年轻、英俊、健美的男子。 有时,他也被描绘成一个满脸胡须、穿着带翼靴子、手持预言魔杖的老年男子。

下面列出的是希腊赫尔墨斯神最重要的象征:

目录

    1.十字杖

    卡杜斯是希腊神话中赫耳墨斯的法杖

    OpenClipart-Vectors via Pixabay

    卡都斯(Caduceus)是赫尔墨斯最受欢迎的标志。 它的特征是两条蛇缠绕在一根带翅膀的杖上。 有时,卡都斯经常被误认为是医学的象征,因为它与阿斯克勒庇俄斯之杖(Rod of Asclepius)很相似。

    自古以来,仙人掌就与智慧、炼金术、谈判、小偷、贸易和骗子联系在一起。 一些专家说,仙人掌也是代表水银星的占星符号。 这根魔杖能让人入睡,也能唤醒沉睡中的人。 它还能让死亡变得温和。 如果将它涂抹在已经死去的人身上,他们就能栩栩如生。

    2. 阴茎意象

    赫尔墨斯被认为是生殖力的象征,阳具图像常常与该神联系在一起。 阳具图像常常被悬挂在家门口,这意味着古代人认为这将促进家庭的生殖力(2)。

    See_also: 象征兄弟情谊的花朵

    阴茎图像被悬挂在私人住宅和公共建筑外,还被雕刻在仿制品、雕像、鼎、酒杯和花瓶上。 人们还认为,夸张的阴茎图像可以保护路人和居民免受外来邪恶的侵害。

    3. 有翼凉鞋 - 塔拉瑞亚

    有翼凉鞋

    spacefem, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons

    神话传说中,这些凉鞋是由众神的工匠赫淮斯托斯制作的。

    他用不朽的黄金制作了这双凉鞋,让赫耳墨斯像鸟儿一样飞得又高又快。 塔拉里亚人在珀尔修斯的神话中被提及,并帮助他杀死了美杜莎。 (4) "塔拉里亚 "指的是 "脚踝"。

    据推测,罗马人提出了 "带翼凉鞋 "的想法,即通过绑在脚踝上的凉鞋带,在脚踝处安装翅膀的凉鞋(5)。

    4.皮袋

    皮袋

    便携古物计划/大英博物馆托管人,CC BY-SA 4.0,通过维基共享资源

    See_also: 地球的象征意义(十大含义)

    皮袋常常与赫尔墨斯联系在一起,因为它将赫尔墨斯与商业交易联系在一起(6)。

    5.翼盔--佩塔索斯

    佩塔索斯的希腊神赫耳墨斯雕像

    Michal Maňas, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

    Petasos 或有翼帽最初是古希腊人戴的一种遮阳帽。 这种帽子由羊毛或稻草制成,帽檐宽大而松软。 这种帽子通常由旅行者和农民佩戴,与农村人联系在一起。

    由于它是一顶带翅膀的帽子,因此与神话中的信使之神赫耳墨斯联系在一起。 希腊人还制作了一顶 Petasos 形状的金属头盔。 它的帽沿边缘还有小孔,可以在上面粘贴布料(7)。

    6. 琴

    琴弦

    Agustarres12, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

    尽管琴通常与阿波罗联系在一起,但它也是赫耳墨斯的象征。 这是因为赫耳墨斯发明了琴。 琴代表着赫耳墨斯的智慧、敏捷和技巧。

    7.公鸡和公羊

    在罗马神话中,赫耳墨斯经常被描绘成骑着公鸡迎接新的一天的形象。 有时,他也会骑着公羊,以示多产。

    外卖

    赫耳墨斯是希腊诸神的宠儿。 在希腊诗歌中,他被描述为神与人之间聪明的调解人。 赫耳墨斯经常受到牧羊人的崇拜,他的雕像中还出土了一只公羊。

    旅行者也崇拜赫耳墨斯,认为赫耳墨斯能保护和引导他们。

    你知道上面列出的所有与爱马仕有关的符号吗? 请在下面的评论中告诉我们。

    参考资料

    1. //symbolsage.com/hermes-god-greek-mythology/
    2. //symbolsage.com/hermes-god-greek-mythology/
    3. 赤裸裸的力量:罗马意大利图像和文本中的阴茎作为歉意的象征》,克劳迪娅-莫泽,宾夕法尼亚大学,2006 年。
    4. //mfla.omeka.net/items/show/82
    5. Anderson, William S. (1966). "Talaria and Ovid Met. 10.591". 美国语言学协会论文集 . 97: 1-13.
    6. symbolsage.com/hermes-god-greek-mythology/
    7. 尼古拉斯-塞昆达 古希腊人 (鱼鹰出版社,1986 年,2005 年),第 19 页。
    8. //symbolsage.com/hermes-god-greek-mythology/



    David Meyer
    David Meyer
    Jeremy Cruz, a passionate historian and educator, is the creative mind behind the captivating blog for history lovers, teachers, and their students. With a deep-rooted love for the past and an unwavering commitment to spreading historical knowledge, Jeremy has established himself as a trusted source of information and inspiration.Jeremy's journey into the world of history began during his childhood, as he avidly devoured every history book he could get his hands on. Fascinated by the stories of ancient civilizations, pivotal moments in time, and the individuals who shaped our world, he knew from an early age that he wanted to share this passion with others.After completing his formal education in history, Jeremy embarked on a teaching career that spanned over a decade. His commitment to fostering a love for history among his students was unwavering, and he continually sought innovative ways to engage and captivate young minds. Recognizing the potential of technology as a powerful educational tool, he turned his attention to the digital realm, creating his influential history blog.Jeremy's blog is a testament to his dedication to making history accessible and engaging for all. Through his eloquent writing, meticulous research, and vibrant storytelling, he breathes life into the events of the past, enabling readers to feel as if they are witnessing history unfold beforetheir eyes. Whether it's a rarely known anecdote, an in-depth analysis of a significant historical event, or an exploration of the lives of influential figures, his captivating narratives have garnered a dedicated following.Beyond his blog, Jeremy is also actively involved in various historical preservation efforts, working closely with museums and local historical societies to ensure the stories of our past are safeguarded for future generations. Known for his dynamic speaking engagements and workshops for fellow educators, he constantly strives to inspire others to delve deeper into the rich tapestry of history.Jeremy Cruz's blog serves as a testament to his unwavering commitment to making history accessible, engaging, and relevant in today's fast-paced world. With his uncanny ability to transport readers to the heart of historical moments, he continues to foster a love for the past among history enthusiasts, teachers, and their eager students alike.