古埃及图案是一个椭圆形的框架，上面的象形文字包含神、贵族成员或高级宫廷官员的名字。
从设计风格上看，椭圆形图案是一个绳圈，它被注入了神奇的力量，可以保护写在里面的名字。 椭圆形图案用一条平线锚定，其中包含三个绳环，表示它属于一个皇室成员，无论是法老、王后还是其他有地位的人的名字。
大约在公元前 2500 年，刻划法首次在古埃及广泛使用。 早期的遗存表明，它们最初是圆形的，后来逐渐演变成扁平的椭圆形。 变化后的形状更节省空间，便于在其边界内排列象形文字的顺序。
目录
名字在古埃及拥有力量
埃及法老通常有五个名字。 第一个名字在他们出生时就被授予，另外四个名字直到他们登上王位时才被采用。 最后四个名字被授予国王，以正式见证他从人到神的蜕变。
法老的出生名似乎在法老的一生中一直沿用至今，出生名是雕刻图案上最主要的名字，也是法老最常用的名字。
法老即位后，会采用一个王室名称。 这个王室名称被称为 "前名"。 它通常与法老的出生名或 "姓名 "一起被绘制在一个双层图案中。
卡图象形文字的出现
大约在第四王朝时期，斯奈夫鲁国王将卡图象形文字引入埃及文化。 卡图一词并非古埃及文字，而是拿破仑士兵在 1798 年入侵埃及时引入的标签。 古埃及人将长方形面板称为 "shenu"。
在王室图案被广泛使用之前，Serekh 是识别埃及王室成员的最常见方式。 Serekh 的历史可以追溯到埃及王国的最早期。 从图像上看，它几乎总是使用古埃及鹰头神 Horus 的标志。 Horus 被认为是国王、其王宫大院和一切的保护神。居住在城墙内的人。
象形文字和图案的作用
考古学家发现，在埃及王室成员的墓室中放置刻有象形文字的铭牌是一种习惯做法。 这种做法大大简化了识别墓室和个人木乃伊的过程。
See_also: 财富的 23 大象征及其含义 最举世闻名的发现埃及象形文字的古物可能就是标志性的罗塞塔石碑了。 法国士兵于 1799 年发现了这块石碑。 上面刻有托勒密五世的献辞和国王的名字。 这一具有重要历史意义的发现包含了翻译埃及象形文字的关键。
由于人们相信象形文字能起到某种保护作用，因此珠宝上经常刻有埃及象形文字。 时至今日，刻有象形文字和其他象形文字的珠宝仍然十分抢手。
See_also: 罗马人知道日本吗？ 回顾过去
古埃及人普遍重视纸刻象形文字，这表明他们是如何将宗教教义与超自然信仰融为一体的。
标题图片来源：Ad Meskens [CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
David Meyer
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